Bahasa Indonesia has a different structure with other foreign languages. Indonesian uses the structure of the language: subject (speaker / actor) + pedikat (verb / thing done) + Object (things or objects treated by subject / patient)
Subject
Subjects in the Indonesian language of human, things, things (both intangible and intangible). Subjection has the position of the front in a short sentence / simple sentence.
Example: 1. I, brother, sister, mother, father, Andi, Irma, John (human)
2. Trees, wind, rabbits (creatures and plants)
3. Wind, jinn, good deeds (intangible and intangible).
Predicate
Predicate in Indonesian is element after subject. Predicate is a verb. The words on the predicate can be either active verb or passive verb.
Verbs are on
The active verb is a verb that indicates the activity is performed by the subject directly to the object. The active workout is divided into the basic form verb, transitive active verb and the intransitive active verb.
Basic verb form
The verbs of the basic form are the intact verbs have not got the affix element. This work can show the activities performed by the subject.
Example: bath, eat, drink, sleep, rest.
Examples of subject and basic use:
1. I shower
2.Sleep sleep
Active transitive verbs
The transitive active verb is an affixed verb. The attachment attached to the transitive active verb is, among other things, the prefix at the beginning of the word (Prefix) and the affix at the end of the word (suffix).
Pregnancy at the beginning of transitive active verbs
The additives at the beginning of transitive active verbs are
example: a + (drink) + drink (base word)
become; drink
The end-active verb is transitive
The additive at the end of the transitive active verb is -kan, -an,
Example: a) + drink (base word) + -kan (ending)
Active verb intransitive
The intransitive active verb is a verb that gets affixed at the beginning of the word ie, to-,
The intransitive active verb does not need an object. just needs a complementary predicate.
Example: berif) + main (base word)
become; play
Passive verbs
The passive verb is the word karja which shows the subject in a state of not doing something but the subject is experiencing something of a state. The passive working word on the predicate is followed by the affix in-
example: sister hit
Irma fell
Objects
Objects in Indonesian simple sentences are objects, people, and things. The object lies after the predicate of the base word. The main feature of the object in the Indonesian language is that the sentences that have been compiled can be reversed and the additions can be changed in.
Example: The sister kicked the ball
Sister (human) + kick (kick) + ball (thing)
SOURCE https://hidadullah.wordpress.com/2010/02/22/belajar-bahasa-indonesia-dasar/
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